The long axis of the left ventricle can be measured from the Apical Four-chamber and Two-chamber positions. Measurements are taken from the endocardium of the apex to the center of the mitral annulus. In the Left Parasternal position, the apex of the heart is not visualized, so it is not possible to use this position to measure the long axis of the left ventricle.

The short axis of the left ventricle can be measured in the Apical Four-chamber position and various positions from the parasternal approach. In the Apical Four-chamber view, measurements are taken perpendicular to the long axis of the left ventricle. The hypothetical long axis is divided into three equal parts and measurements are taken along the line that passes at the closest point from the mitral annulus

The short axis of the left ventricle can also be measured from the Left Parasternal Approach, the Long and Short axis of the heart. In this case short axis is measured perpendicular to the long axis, at the level of the ends of the mitral valve leaflets.

 

Apical 4 Chamber view. Linear measurements of the Left Ventricle. Simulation By Echocardiography Online Simulator MyEchocardiography.com

 

Left Parasternal view, the long axis of the Heart. Linear measurement of the short axis of Left Ventricle. Simulation By Echocardiography Online Simulator MyEchocardiography.com

 

The value of measurements of the short axis of the left ventricle from the parasternal position is slightly higher than from the apical.

 

 

How to Simulate Linear measurments of the Left Ventricle?

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